/* ---------- tokens ---------- */
:root {
  --bg: #ffffff;
  --bg-soft: #f6f7f9;
  --bg-sunk: #eef0f4;
  --fg: #16181d;
  --fg-muted: #565b66;
  --fg-faint: #7c8290;
  --rule: #e2e5ea;
  --accent: #8a1f2b;          /* MIT-ish cardinal */
  --accent-soft: #f5e9ea;
  --on-accent: #ffffff;       /* text on an accent-filled surface */
  --link: #8a1f2b;
  --shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(16,18,24,.05), 0 8px 24px rgba(16,18,24,.05);
  --radius: 10px;
  --maxw: 780px;
  --serif: "Iowan Old Style", "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, "Book Antiqua", Georgia, serif;
  --sans: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Inter, Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) {
    --bg: #101216;
    --bg-soft: #171a20;
    --bg-sunk: #1d2128;
    --fg: #e8eaee;
    --fg-muted: #a3aab6;
    --fg-faint: #7e8794;
    --rule: #262b33;
    --accent: #e8919b;
    --accent-soft: #2a1c1f;
    --on-accent: #17090b;
    --link: #e8919b;
    --shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.4), 0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.3);
  }
}
:root[data-theme="dark"] {
  --bg: #101216;
  --bg-soft: #171a20;
  --bg-sunk: #1d2128;
  --fg: #e8eaee;
  --fg-muted: #a3aab6;
  --fg-faint: #7e8794;
  --rule: #262b33;
  --accent: #e8919b;
  --accent-soft: #2a1c1f;
  --on-accent: #17090b;
  --link: #e8919b;
  --shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.4), 0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.3);
}

/* ---------- base ---------- */
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--bg);
  color: var(--fg);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
}
img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; }
a { color: var(--link); text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--link) 35%, transparent); }
a:hover { border-bottom-color: var(--link); }
h1, h2, h3 { line-height: 1.25; font-weight: 650; letter-spacing: -0.015em; }
p { margin: 0 0 1em; }
::selection { background: var(--accent-soft); }

.wrap { max-width: var(--maxw); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 22px; }
.skip {
  position: absolute; left: -9999px; top: 0; background: var(--accent); color: #fff;
  padding: 10px 16px; z-index: 100; border: 0;
}
.skip:focus { left: 8px; top: 8px; }

/* ---------- nav ---------- */
.nav {
  position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 50;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--bg) 88%, transparent);
  backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(12px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(12px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.nav-in {
  max-width: 1040px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 22px;
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 18px; min-height: 58px;
}
.brand {
  font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.12rem; font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--fg); border: 0; letter-spacing: -0.01em; white-space: nowrap;
}
.nav-links {
  display: flex; gap: 4px; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-left: auto;
  align-items: center;
}
.nav-links a {
  border: 0; color: var(--fg-muted); font-size: .93rem; padding: 6px 10px;
  border-radius: 7px; white-space: nowrap;
}
.nav-links a:hover { background: var(--bg-soft); color: var(--fg); }
.nav-links a.on { color: var(--fg); font-weight: 600; background: var(--bg-soft); }
.ext::after { content: "↗"; font-size: .78em; margin-left: 3px; opacity: .55; }

/* ---------- hero ---------- */
.hero { padding: 56px 0 40px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.hero-in {
  max-width: 1040px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 22px;
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 232px; gap: 44px; align-items: center;
}
.eyebrow {
  text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .13em; font-size: .74rem;
  font-weight: 700; color: var(--accent); margin: 0 0 12px;
}
.hero h1 {
  font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2.3rem, 6vw, 3.15rem);
  margin: 0 0 14px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}
.hero .tagline { font-size: 1.09rem; color: var(--fg-muted); margin: 0 0 22px; max-width: 40ch; }
.portrait {
  width: 232px; aspect-ratio: 1/1.18; object-fit: cover; object-position: 50% 22%;
  border-radius: 14px; box-shadow: var(--shadow); justify-self: end;
}
.btns { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; }
.btn {
  border: 1px solid var(--rule); background: var(--bg-soft); color: var(--fg);
  padding: 8px 15px; border-radius: 999px; font-size: .9rem; font-weight: 550;
}
.btn:hover { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent); background: var(--accent-soft); }
.btn.primary { background: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--on-accent); }
.btn.primary:hover { filter: brightness(1.08); color: var(--on-accent); }

/* ---------- page head (inner pages) ---------- */
.pagehead { padding: 46px 0 30px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.pagehead h1 {
  font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.9rem, 5vw, 2.5rem);
  margin: 0 0 10px; font-weight: 600;
}
.pagehead p { color: var(--fg-muted); margin: 0; max-width: 62ch; }

/* ---------- sections ---------- */
main { padding-bottom: 40px; }
section { padding: 42px 0 6px; }
section + section { border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
h2.sec {
  font-size: .82rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .13em;
  color: var(--fg-faint); font-weight: 700; margin: 0 0 22px;
}
h3 { font-size: 1.12rem; margin: 0 0 6px; }

.lede { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.28rem; line-height: 1.5; color: var(--fg); margin: 0 0 28px; }

/* role blocks on About */
.role { margin: 0 0 26px; padding-left: 16px; border-left: 3px solid var(--rule); }
.role:hover { border-left-color: var(--accent); }
.role h3 { font-size: 1.03rem; margin: 0 0 4px; letter-spacing: -0.005em; }
.role h3 .emo { margin-right: 8px; }
.role p { margin: 0; color: var(--fg-muted); }
.role p + p { margin-top: 10px; }
.closing {
  background: var(--bg-soft); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--radius);
  padding: 18px 20px; color: var(--fg-muted); font-style: italic; margin-top: 6px;
}

/* education / awards / generic entry list */
.entries { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.entries > li { padding: 14px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.entries > li:first-child { border-top: 0; padding-top: 0; }
.entry-t { font-weight: 600; }
.entry-m { color: var(--fg-muted); font-size: .95rem; }
.entry-d { color: var(--fg-faint); font-size: .88rem; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }

/* publications */
.pubs { list-style: none; counter-reset: p; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.pubs > li {
  position: relative; padding: 16px 0 16px 34px; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.pubs > li:first-child { border-top: 0; }
.pubs > li::before {
  counter-increment: p; content: counter(p);
  position: absolute; left: 0; top: 18px;
  font-size: .74rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--fg-faint);
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.pubs .cite { margin: 0 0 8px; font-size: .96rem; line-height: 1.55; }
.pubs .cite .me { font-weight: 700; color: var(--fg); }
.pubs .venue { font-style: italic; color: var(--fg-muted); }
.tags { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 7px; }
.tag {
  border: 1px solid var(--rule); background: var(--bg-soft); color: var(--fg-muted);
  font-size: .78rem; padding: 3px 10px; border-radius: 999px; font-weight: 550;
}
.tag:hover { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent); background: var(--accent-soft); }

/* research project cards */
.proj { padding: 34px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.proj:first-of-type { border-top: 0; padding-top: 26px; }
.proj h2 {
  font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.42rem; font-weight: 600;
  margin: 0 0 8px; letter-spacing: -0.015em;
}
.proj .year {
  display: inline-block; font-size: .74rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--accent); margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.fig {
  margin: 20px 0; background: var(--bg-soft); border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 12px; overflow: hidden;
}
.fig img { display: block; width: 100%; border-radius: 4px; background: #fff; }
.fig figcaption { font-size: .82rem; color: var(--fg-faint); margin-top: 9px; }
.kv { margin: 16px 0; }
.kv h4 {
  font-size: .76rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .12em;
  color: var(--fg-faint); margin: 0 0 4px; font-weight: 700;
}
.kv p { margin: 0 0 4px; color: var(--fg-muted); }
.highlight {
  display: inline-block; background: var(--accent-soft); color: var(--accent);
  border-radius: 6px; padding: 3px 10px; font-weight: 650; font-size: .92rem;
}

/* books */
.book { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 132px 1fr; gap: 26px; padding: 30px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.book:first-of-type { border-top: 0; }
.book img { border-radius: 6px; box-shadow: var(--shadow); width: 132px; }
.book h2 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.3rem; margin: 0 0 8px; font-weight: 600; }
.book p { color: var(--fg-muted); font-size: .96rem; }
.book .meta { font-size: .85rem; color: var(--fg-faint); margin: 0; }

/* stats */
.stats { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(170px, 1fr)); gap: 14px; margin: 24px 0; }
.stat { background: var(--bg-soft); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 16px 18px; }
.stat b { display: block; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.5rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -0.02em; }
.stat span { font-size: .88rem; color: var(--fg-muted); }

/* FAQ */
.faq { border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.faq details { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.faq summary {
  cursor: pointer; list-style: none; padding: 16px 30px 16px 0; position: relative;
  font-weight: 600; font-size: 1.02rem;
}
.faq summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.faq summary::after {
  content: "+"; position: absolute; right: 4px; top: 14px;
  font-size: 1.3rem; font-weight: 400; color: var(--fg-faint); line-height: 1.4;
}
.faq details[open] summary::after { content: "−"; }
.faq summary:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.faq .body { padding: 0 0 18px; color: var(--fg-muted); }
.faq .body ul { margin: 0; padding-left: 20px; }
.faq .body li { margin-bottom: 7px; }
.faq .body li > ul { margin-top: 7px; }

/* footer */
footer {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); background: var(--bg-soft);
  padding: 34px 0; margin-top: 20px;
}
.foot-in {
  max-width: 1040px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 22px;
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 16px; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between;
}
.foot-links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 16px; align-items: center; }
.foot-links a { color: var(--fg-muted); border: 0; font-size: .92rem; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px; }
.foot-links a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.foot-links svg { width: 17px; height: 17px; fill: currentColor; }
.copy { color: var(--fg-faint); font-size: .85rem; }

/* responsive */
@media (max-width: 720px) {
  body { font-size: 16px; }
  .hero-in { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 26px; }
  .portrait { width: 150px; justify-self: start; order: -1; }
  .hero { padding: 34px 0 30px; }
  .book { grid-template-columns: 96px 1fr; gap: 18px; }
  .book img { width: 96px; }
  .nav-in { min-height: 52px; gap: 10px; }
  .nav-links {
    gap: 0; margin-left: auto; flex-wrap: nowrap; overflow-x: auto;
    scrollbar-width: none; -ms-overflow-style: none;
    /* fade the right edge so the scrollable overflow is discoverable */
    mask-image: linear-gradient(to right, #000 calc(100% - 18px), transparent);
    -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(to right, #000 calc(100% - 18px), transparent);
  }
  .nav-links::-webkit-scrollbar { display: none; }
  .nav-links a { padding: 6px 7px; font-size: .87rem; }
  .brand { font-size: 1rem; }
  .lede { font-size: 1.14rem; }
}

/* ============================================================
   Figure: data visualization
   Palette slots validated with the dataviz palette validator
   against the .fig surface (light #f6f7f9 / dark #171a20):
   categorical pair PASS both modes; the light-mode orange sits
   at 2.99:1, so every bar carries a visible direct label
   (the relief rule) and a table view sits under the figure.
   ============================================================ */
.viz {
  /* categorical: identity of a method */
  --v-api:  #eb6834;   /* moderation API      */
  --v-clin: #2a78d6;   /* clinical framing    */
  /* ordinal: increasing clinical severity, one hue light to dark */
  --v-s1: #6da7ec; --v-s2: #256abf; --v-s3: #184f95; --v-s4: #0d366b;
  --v-i1: #0b1220; --v-i2: #ffffff; --v-i3: #ffffff; --v-i4: #ffffff;
  --v-track: color-mix(in srgb, var(--fg) 8%, transparent);
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) .viz {
    --v-api:  #d95926;
    --v-clin: #3987e5;
    --v-s1: #b7d3f6; --v-s2: #86b6ef; --v-s3: #3987e5; --v-s4: #184f95;
    --v-i1: #0b1220; --v-i2: #0b1220; --v-i3: #0b1220; --v-i4: #ffffff;
  }
}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .viz {
  --v-api:  #d95926;
  --v-clin: #3987e5;
  --v-s1: #b7d3f6; --v-s2: #86b6ef; --v-s3: #3987e5; --v-s4: #184f95;
  --v-i1: #0b1220; --v-i2: #0b1220; --v-i3: #0b1220; --v-i4: #ffffff;
}

.viz { padding: 22px; }
.viz-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 30px; }
.viz-panel > h4 {
  font-size: .95rem; margin: 0 0 4px; font-weight: 650; letter-spacing: -0.005em; color: var(--fg);
}
.viz-sub { font-size: .82rem; color: var(--fg-muted); margin: 0 0 16px; line-height: 1.5; }

/* --- ordinal severity ladder --- */
.ladder { display: flex; gap: 2px; margin: 0 0 8px; padding: 0; list-style: none; }
.ladder li {
  flex: 1; background: var(--step); color: var(--v-on-step);
  font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 650; text-align: center;
  padding: 12px 3px; border-radius: 3px; line-height: 1.25;
}
.ladder li:first-child { border-radius: 4px 3px 3px 4px; }
.ladder li:last-child  { border-radius: 3px 4px 4px 3px; }
.ladder-axis {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between;
  font-size: .72rem; color: var(--fg-faint); margin: 0 0 18px;
}
.collapse {
  display: flex; gap: 2px; margin: 0 0 6px; padding: 0; list-style: none;
}
.collapse li {
  background: var(--v-track); color: var(--fg-muted); border: 1px dashed var(--rule);
  font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 600; text-align: center;
  padding: 10px 3px; border-radius: 4px; line-height: 1.25;
}
.collapse li:first-child { flex: 1; }
.collapse li:last-child  { flex: 3; }

/* --- bar chart --- */
.barchart { margin: 0; }
/* The value sits in its own column rather than floating at the bar end, so a
   long bar (0.928) can never push its label out of the plot. */
.barrow {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; gap: 4px 10px;
  align-items: center; margin-bottom: 14px;
}
.barlab {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  font-size: .8rem; color: var(--fg-muted); margin: 0; line-height: 1.35;
}
.track { grid-column: 1; height: 22px; background: var(--v-track); border-radius: 4px; }
.bar {
  height: 100%; width: var(--w);
  background: var(--c); border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px var(--bg-soft);   /* 2px surface gap against the track */
}
.barval {
  grid-column: 2;
  font-size: .82rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--fg);
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; white-space: nowrap;
}

/* small multiples: one metric per facet, each on its own 0-1 axis */
.facet { margin-bottom: 22px; }
.facet:last-of-type { margin-bottom: 0; }
.facet h5 {
  font-size: .84rem; font-weight: 650; margin: 0 0 2px; color: var(--fg);
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
}
.facet-def { font-size: .76rem; color: var(--fg-faint); margin: 0 0 12px; line-height: 1.45; }
.barrow:hover .bar, .barrow:focus-within .bar { filter: brightness(1.08); }
/* value text keeps a text token on hover; identity is carried by the mark, not the number */
.barrow:hover .track, .barrow:focus-within .track { box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px var(--rule); }
.axis {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  padding-top: 5px; font-size: .72rem; color: var(--fg-faint);
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.viz-note {
  font-size: .8rem; color: var(--fg-muted); margin: 16px 0 0;
  padding-left: 11px; border-left: 3px solid var(--v-api); line-height: 1.5;
}
.viz-note b { color: var(--fg); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }

/* --- table view (accessibility fallback for the figure) --- */
.viz-table { margin-top: 14px; }
.viz-table summary {
  cursor: pointer; font-size: .8rem; color: var(--fg-muted); list-style: none;
}
.viz-table summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.viz-table summary::before { content: "▸ "; }
.viz-table[open] summary::before { content: "▾ "; }
.viz-table summary:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.viz-table table { border-collapse: collapse; margin-top: 10px; font-size: .82rem; width: 100%; }
.viz-table th, .viz-table td { text-align: left; padding: 6px 12px 6px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.viz-table th { color: var(--fg-faint); font-weight: 650; }
.viz-table td { color: var(--fg-muted); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }

@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .viz { padding: 16px; }
  .viz-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 26px; }
  .ladder li { font-size: .64rem; padding: 10px 2px; }
}

/* screen-reader-only utility */
.visually-hidden {
  position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0 0 0 0); white-space: nowrap; border: 0;
}